清华大学科学史系 罗政（Luozheng）

《Rethinking the Historical Method Through Narrative Construction and Source Criticism in the Post-Positivist Era》一文，作者Simon Luciano，文章收录于期刊International Journal of History Research and Development (IJHRD), 2(2), 1-8.现将文章摘要摘录翻译如下：

“ABSTRACT

The practice of history has long been anchored in the critical analysis of primary sources, a methodology often mythologized as a direct path to objective truth. This paper argues for a methodological reassessment, positing that modern historical practice must consciously integrate a more nuanced understanding of narrative construction. It contends that the historian's role is not merely to uncover facts through a rigid, quasi-scientific criticism of sources but to actively and transparently construct meaningful narratives from fragmented and subjective evidence. By examining the theoretical underpinnings of the "historical method," the inherent limitations of primary sources, and the inescapable influence of the historian's perspective, this paper demonstrates that embracing narrative construction does not undermine historicalrigor but rather enhances its intellectual honesty.

Keywords: Primary Source Criticism, Historical Method, Narrative Construction, Historiography, Objectivity, Postmodern History, Historical Theory.”

“摘要

历史实践长期以来一直依赖对原始史料的批判性分析，这种方法常被神话化为通向客观真理的直接路径。本文主张对历史方法进行方法论上的再评估，提出现代历史实践必须有意识地整合对叙事建构的更细致理解。文章认为，历史学家的角色不仅是通过严格、近似科学的史料批评去发现事实，而是要从零散且主观的证据中主动且透明地构建有意义的历史叙事。通过考察“历史方法”的理论基础、原始史料的固有限制，以及历史学者视角的不可避免影响，本文表明，接受叙事建构并不会削弱历史研究的严谨性，反而能够增强其智识上的诚实性。

关键词：原始史料批评、历史方法、叙事建构、历史书写、客观性、后现代历史、历史理论”

清华大学科学史系 罗政（Luozheng）